Violence in football: a comparison between “bondes de pista” and “torcidas organizadas”

Abstract

In this article, we aim to compare the organization and operation methods of “bondes de pista” and organized fan groups, focusing on their actions during confrontations with rival groups. We also aim to analyze the extent to which and how these “bondes” adapt their fighting strategies when confronted these organized fan groups. To achieve these objectives, we conducted a bibliographic review on the topic and carried out field research with five “bondes de pista”: “Bonde do Braço Fino” from Santos; “Sobranada” from Fluminense; “Bate Anda” from Flamengo; “Ultras do ABC” from Natal and “Bonde da Aliança” from Ceará -, in which we accompanied them in meetings, social actions, martial arts training, and matches involving their respective clubs. Additionally, we conducted semi-structured interviews with their leaders to gather information about the actions of each group. Among other findings, we concluded that the “bondes de pista” reject the logic of extermination that drives some of the actions of organized fan groups, viewing fights as a lifestyle, a form of play, and a leisure practice. In this context, the former adhere to an ethical code for most confrontations, relying on participants’ bodies as the primary tools for attack and defense during disputes. Therefore, they categorically reject the use of weapons, ambush tactics, and, under any circumstances, firearms.